Hydraulic transmission



April 9, 1940.

A. 1.. A HART I HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSIDN 4, Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 17,1938 t Andpea/L.Alzafi N INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

April 9, 1940. A. L. AHART HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Filed March 17, 1958 4Sheets-Sheet 3 v a a m a NY m y w mm M mw 6 a W y n B A M, Q kw kw mw PWN mfi Mm i kv MY mm m QIW Qm mm. WM N Q Q n ww Nfl Q Q Wm No. Q

ATTORNEYS.

control valves, and a Toy-pass valve interposed beand 12 respectively,and receive a cooling fluid 5 tween said control valves, whereby,throughthe through an inlet pipe 16, the'fluid being dis instrumentalityof the disks, the transmission charged through an outlet pipe l7.mechanism'may be operated to obtain a forward Ball bearings 18 and isare disposed within the drive, a reverse drive, or a neutral no-driveconcaslngs H and I2 and receive the inner ends 01" dition. I the drivingshaft 5 and the driven shaft 2, re- '10 In the accompanying drawingswhich form a spectively. The outer ends of the casings II and part ofthisapplication; 2 are reduced, and carry glands fill-tl-22 Figure 1 isa plan view of the improved hywherein the driving and driven shafts l-2are draulic clutch or transmission mechanism; journaled.

Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional A ball bearing 23 isdisposed within the spacing 15 view taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1;disk It, and receives the inner end of the shaft l.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line Packing rings 25 and 25are positioned on op- 3--3 of Figure l with parts shown; in elevation,posite sides of the partition I3 and the hall bear and broken away; ing23, to prevent the oil in the transmission or Figure 4 is a partialsectional View taken on the clutch from passing from one casing ill2 to20 lined-4 of Figure 1; v the other. I

Figure 5 is a detail sectional view taken on the Disposed between thecasing H and the adjaline 5'--5,0f Figure 1; cent side of thesp-acingdisk or partition It Figure 6 is a sectional view taken on the line adriving disk m lee lyillu m ed n F 6---6 of Figure 4; I ure 3. This disk26 is fixed to the driving shaft 5 ,25

1 50 the reduced extension 4-. A hub 8 is keyed at, 9 38, whichterminate at their opposite ends in ver-,,50

Patented Apr. 9,1940 I 1 e UNETED STATES PATENT OFFlCE HYDRAULICTRANSMISSION Andrew Leroy Ahart, Orlando, Fla. Application March 1'7,1938, serial No. 196,528

\ 3 Claims. (01. BIL-53) This invention aims to provide, in a hydraulicY The machine comprises a pair of cooperating transmission, embodying apair of spaced cooperannular casings II and [2, between which is inatingdriving and driven disks, novel valve terposed a spacing partition disk13. Annular mechanism comprisin a pair of inter-connected passages l4and it are formed the casings H Figure 7 is a sectional view taken onthe line by a Spline 5, and s prov ded wi a plurality 0f t5 of Figure 4,but with the valve arranged to radially extending vanes 21, behind whichsprings provide for a. reverse drive; 28 are positioned, to force themoutwardly.

Figure 8 is a sectional view taken on the line A bleeder passage 29 isformed in the outer end 30 8-6 oi? Figure 4, but With the control valvearof each of the vanes 27, and permits oil which 30 ranged to providefor a forward drive; may work into the vane to drain therefrom: andFigure 9 is a bottom plan view of the valve back nto the O Wh c is; p pd throug the casing in which the control valves are located;[transmissio mecha Figure 10 a dissembled view of th copper- A drivendisk 30 is secured to the driven shaft ating drive and drivenshafts,showing the splines 2 by a spl a d s p vided w t a plu a y 35 formedthereon; g of radially extending vanes 3|, behind which Figure 11 is aperspective View of one: of the coiled springs 32 are disposed, to forcethe vanes improved control valves, showing the same open Y- The driven i30 is Positioned at the bottom and provided with a lateral port tweenthe casing l2 and the adjacent side of the through thefside thereof, andspacing disk or partition |3.' The casing elementsno Figure 12 is aperspective View of the by-pass H and and the intermediate Sp disk ofvalve showing the sameprovided with a transpartition l3 are heldassembled by transverse verse passageway or port formed through its bodybolts 33, and the machine can be taken down ti when necessary. v Thedrawings show a pair of cooperating alined A Valve Casing 0 housing 34is shown, and has; 45

shafts, comprising a driving shaft 1 and a driven an elo te e p a d o tp of the" shaft 2. The driving shaft I has a socket a in its casings Hand by s ews. e l wer end end, adapted to receive a reduced extension 4on of the va lve'casing 3 (Fig.*'9)-'has a pair of lonthe driven shaft,and a packing gasket 5 receives e ud na y extending bowed ays 3 andtothe driving than I and connects the shaft with tioal passageways 39and 40, hi h c operate with source of power (not shown). The outer endthe driving and driven disks 26-39, $Pe fi V y. of the driven shaft- 2is provided with a squared Control valves and 42 a e ositioned Withinshank ill which is connected with mechanism to e Vertical passages 39 din the va ve'oas. b driven 1 I ing 34, and are illustratedin Figure 11of the 55 v drawings. The valves M and 42 have open lower ends and sideports 43, and are provided with shanks 44 which extend upwardly throughthreaded bushings 45 in the valve casing 34. Laterally extending arms 46are secured to the outer ends of the valve stems 44, and areinter-connected by a bar 41, and a lever 48 under the control of anoperator. A passageway 49 in the casing 34 (Fig. 3) connects the twovalves 41 and 42, and is controlled by a by-pass valve 50, which isillustrated in Figure 12 of the drawings and is mounted to turn in thecasing 34. The valve 50 is provided with a shank 5i, and the valveproper is supplied with a transverse opening 52, which is adapted toregister with the passageway 49, to control the flow of fluidtherethrough. From Figures 6, 7 and 8 of the drawings it will beapparent that passageways D and C in the casing 34 connect the adjacentvertical passages 39 and 40 respectively. Passageways A and B extenddiagonally across the valve casing and connect opposed verticalpassageways 39 and 40. Passageway A is shown as being looped overpassageway B within the valve casing 34. A control arm 53 and anoperating handle 54 are mounted on the stem 5| of the by-pass valve 50.A threaded bushing 55 in the casing 34 receives the stem 5| of thebypass valve 50.

When it is desired to retain the clutch in its neutral or inoperativeposition, the by-pass valve 50 is opened to permit communication of thefluid between the valves 39, as illustrated in Figure 6 of the drawings,and the valves 39 will be so positioned that they will be partiallyopened to the passageways A and C, and B and D. Under suchcircumstances, the fluid contained within the casing H-l2 and the valvehousing 34 will merely churn, the travel of the oil or fluid being upthe right hand vertical passageway, through the adjacent passages A andC and from the passageways B and D to the left hand vertical passageway39; thence down therethrough to the driving disk 26, where it will beforced in a counterclockwise direction again up to the right handpassageway 39.

When it is desired to operate the transmission mechanism in a reversedirection, the by-pass valve 50 is turned at right angles across thepassageway 49 and the valves 39 are turned to permit the fluid to comeup the right hand vertical passageway and through the passage C, downthrough the right hand passageway 40, to the driven disk 30, and thefluid will come up the left hand passageway from the driven disk,through the passageway D, through the left hand valve 39 and down thatpassageway to and through the driving disk 26. In this manner thedriving and driven disks will rotate counterclockwise and clockwise,respectively. I

When it is desired to drive forwardly, the bypass valve 59 is closed toprevent fluid passing through the passageway 49, and the valves 39 areturned so that the fluid will pass up through the vertical passageway tothe right hand valve 39 and through passageway A, down through the lefthand passageway 49, around the driven disk 39 and up through the righthand passageway 48; thence through passageway B, through the left handcontrol valve 39 and down through it to and around the driving disk 26,and again up through the right hand passageway 39, to and through theright hand valve.

A brace 56 is connected at 5'l5859 to the transmission and to a fixedsupport.60, whereby casing parts will be kept from rotation, therebypermitting operation as a transmission.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

1. A hydraulic transmission mechanism including a fluid-holding casing,alined driving and driven shafts mounted axially in the casing, a drivedisk mounted on the driving shaft, a driven disk mounted on the drivenshaft, a valve housing disposed upon the casing and provided with a pairof upwardly extending passages communicating with the driving disk, thehousing being provided with a pair of upwardly extending passagescommunicating with the driven disk, control valves in the passagescommunicating with the driving disk, the valves being open at theirlower ends and being provided with laterally opening ports, the valvehousing being provided with passages connecting the adjacent upwardlyextending passages communicating with the driving and driven disks, thevalve housing being provided with transversely disposed passagesextending from an upwardly extending passage communicating with thedriving disk, to an upwardly extending passage communicating with thedriven disk, and means for operating the control valves simultaneously,to effect the placing of the transmission mechanism in neutral position,in reverse position, or in forward position.

2. A hydraulic transmission mechanism including a fluid-holding casing,alined driving and driven shafts mounted axially in the casing, a drivedisk mounted on the driving shaft, a driven disk mounted on the drivenshaft, a valve housing disposed upon the casing and provided with a pairof upwardly extending passages communicating with the driving disk, thehousing being provided with a pair of upwardly extending passagescommunicating with the driven disk, control valves in the passagescommunicating with the driving disk, the valves being open at theirlower ends and being provided with laterally-opening ports, the valvehousing being provided with passages connecting the adjacent upwardlyextending passages communicating with the driving and driven disks, thevalve housing being provided with transversely disposed passagesextending from an upwardly extending passage communicating with thedriving disk, to an upwardly extending passage communicating with thedriven disk, means for operating the control valves simultaneously, toeffect the placing of the transmission mechanism in neutral position, inreverse position, or in forward position, the valve housing beingprovided with a passageway connecting the control valves, and a by-passvalve interposed in the passageway.

3. A hydraulic transmission mechanism including a fluid-holding casing,alined driving and driven shafts mounted axially in the casing, a drivedisk mounted on the driving shaft, a driven disk mounted on the drivenshaft, a valve housing disposed upon the casing and provided with a pairof upwardly extending passages communicating with the driving disk, thehousing being provided with a pair of upwardly extending pas-. sagescommunicating with the driven disk, control valves in the passagescommunicating with the driving disk, the valves being open at theirlower ends and being provided with laterally opening ports, the valvehousing being provided with passages connecting the adjacent upwardlyextending passages communicating with the driving and driven disks, thevalve housing being provided with transversely disposed passagesextending from an upwardly extending passage valves simultaneously, toeffect the placing of the transmission mechanismin neutral position, inreverse position, or in forward position, the

valve housing being provided with a passageway connecting the controlvalves, a by-pass valve interposed in the passageway, and means operablefrom a remote position for actuating the bypass valve independently ofthe control valves.

ANDREW LEROY AHART.

